Exolit® AP 428

Exolit® AP 428 is a fine-particle ammonium polyphosphate produced by a special method. The product is largely insoluble in water and completely insoluble in organic solvents. It is colorless, non-hygroscopic and non-flammable. Exolit® AP 428 differs from most other commercial products in the following ways: - greatly reduced solubility in water lower viscosity in aqueous suspensions - lower viscosity in PU polyol suspensions.

Principal: Clariant Additives

Functions: Flame Retardant, Flame Retardant

Chemical Family: Ammonium Salts, Polyphosphates

End Uses: Intumescent Coating, Paper, Polyurethane Foams

Compatible Polymers & Resins: Epoxies (EP), Polyesters, Polyols, Polyurethanes (PU)

Features: Low Volatility, Low Water Solubility

Labeling Claims: Non-Flammable

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Enhanced TDS

Identification & Functionality

Blend
No
CASE Ingredients Functions
Chemical Family
Chemical Name
Function
Flame Retardant
Industrial Additives Functions
Molecular Formula
(NH₄PO₃)ₙ (n - min.1000)
Product Code
MITM11571
Single Ingredient
Yes
Technologies
Product Families

Features & Benefits

CASE Ingredients Features
Labeling Claims

Applications & Uses

Coating End Applications
Compatible Polymers & Resins
Compatible Substrates & Surfaces
Industrial Additives End Use
Markets
Applications
Product Applications
  • Intumescent coatings
    • On account of its low water solubility, Exolit® AP 428 is particularly suitable as an acid donor for intumescent coatings. Other essential components of intumescent systems include a binder, a carbon donor and a blowing agent. On exposure to flame, intumescent coatings form a carbonaceous foam which effectively shields the underlying material from temperature increases. Steel structures coated with intumescent paints can meet the requirements of fire resistance classes specified in EN, BS, ASTM, UL, Chinese Standards and others. The application of Exolit® AP 428 based intumescent coatings on wood or plastics enables these materials to qualify for Building Material Class B (EN 13501-1). Exolit® AP 428 imparts a good flame-retardant effect to adhesives and sealants when it is incorporated into the base formulation at the rate of 10 - 20%.
  • Polyurethane foams
    • Exolit® AP 428 is a suitable non-halogenated flame retardant for polyurethane foams. If handling of Exolit AP 428 as a solid is not possible we recommend the dosage of the flame retardant by preparing an Exolit® AP 428/polyol-suspension. Because of the low acid number of Exolit AP 428, it is also possible to incorporate this flame retardant in an Exolit® AP 428/isocyanate suspension. To prevent the solids from settling, the Exolit AP 428 suspensions should be stirred or circulated by pump. The stirrers commonly found in service tanks are adequate for this purpose.
  • Other applications
    • Exolit® AP 428 has an excellent flame-retardant effect in cellulose-containing materials such as paper and wood products. With chipboard products, A B-classification according to EN 13501-1 can be achieved by adding 15 - 20% Exolit® AP 428. Because of its high heat stability, Exolit® AP 428 is an essential component in intumescent formulations for thermoplastics, particularly polypropylene, for which the classification UL 94 V-0 is specified for applications in the electrical sector. Casting resins based on epoxy resins or unsaturated polyester resins achieve the classification UL 94 V-0 with Exolit® AP 428.

Properties

Physical Form

Packaging & Availability

Packaging Type
Packaging Information
  • Delivery form: White powder
  • Packaging: Exolit® AP 428 is supplied in 25 kg paper bags and in 500 kg and optionally double-stacked 500 kg shrink-wrapped big-bags/super-sacks.

Storage & Handling

Storage and Shelf Life Conditions
  • Minimum shelf life is 12 months from the date of shipping when stored according to the said conditions.

Other

Acid Number
max. 1.5 mg KOH/g
Appearance (SDS)
Powder
Burning Number (SDS)
1.0
Color (SDS)
White
Decomposition Temperature
min. 275.0 °C
Density (SDS)
1.9 g/cm³
Explosive Nature (SDS)
Not explosive
Flammable Nature (SDS)
Not classified as a flammability hazard
Item Number
Melting Point (SDS)
min. 275.0 °C
Moisture Content
max. 0.25 %(W/W)
Nitrogen Content
14.0-15.0 %(W/W)
Other Hazards
Dust can form an explosive mixture in air.
Oxidizing Properties (SDS)
Not oxidizing
Particle Size
20.0 µm
Phosphorus Content
31.0-32.0 %(W/W)
Principal
Self Ignition Temperature (SDS)
min. 400.0 °C
Self-Accelerating Decomposition Temperature (SADT) (SDS)
min. 75.0 °C
Shelf Life
12.0 mo
Solubility In Water (SDS)
5.0 g/L
Solubility in Water
max. 0.5 %(W/W)
Viscosity
max. 100.0 mPa.s
Weight Loss
5.0 %(W/W)
Weight Loss
10.0 %(W/W)
Weight Loss
20.0 %(W/W)
pH
6.0-8.0
pH (SDS)
5.0-8.0
Thermal Properties
ValueUnitsTest Method / Conditions
Decomposition Temperaturemin. 275.0 °C°C
Chemical Properties
ValueUnitsTest Method / Conditions
Acid Numbermax. 1.5 mg KOH/gmg KOH/g
Nitrogen Content14.0-15.0 %(W/W)%(W/W)Elemental Analysis
pH6.0-8.0-
Shelf Life & Stability
ValueUnitsTest Method / Conditions
Shelf Life12.0 momo
Physical Properties
ValueUnitsTest Method / Conditions
Moisture Contentmax. 0.25 %(W/W)%(W/W)Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis at 130°C
Particle Size20.0 µmµmD50
Solubility in Watermax. 0.5 %(W/W)%(W/W)at 25°C, after filtration of a 10 % aqueous suspension
Viscositymax. 100.0 mPa.smPa.sat 25°C, 10% aqueous solution
Weight Loss5.0 %(W/W)%(W/W)Laser Diffraction at 350°C
Weight Loss10.0 %(W/W)%(W/W)Laser Diffraction at 450°C
Weight Loss20.0 %(W/W)%(W/W)Laser Diffraction at 550°C
Material Composition
ValueUnitsTest Method / Conditions
Phosphorus Content31.0-32.0 %(W/W)%(W/W)Photometer after oxidizing dissolution
SDS Physical and Chemical Properties
ValueUnitsTest Method / Conditions
Burning Number (SDS)1.0-Does not catch fire
Density (SDS)1.9 g/cm³g/cm³at 25°C
Melting Point (SDS)min. 275.0 °C°C
Self Ignition Temperature (SDS)min. 400.0 °C°CVDI 2263 mixed 1:1 with diatomaceous earth
Self-Accelerating Decomposition Temperature (SADT) (SDS)min. 75.0 °C°C
Solubility In Water (SDS)5.0 g/Lg/Lat 25°C
pH (SDS)5.0-8.0-