Exolit® AP 422 A

Exolit® AP 422 A is a fine-particle ammonium polyphosphate (phase II) with less than 0.1% melamine. The product is largely insoluble in water and completely insoluble in organic solvents. It is colorless, non-hygroscopic, non-flammable, and classified as SVHC-free under current regulations.

Principal: Clariant Additives

Functions: Flame Retardant, Flame Retardant, Flame Retardant, Flame Retardant

Chemical Name: Ammonium Polyphosphate

Chemical Family: Ammonium Salts, Polyphosphates

End Uses: Intumescent Coating, Paper, Polyurethane Foams, Wood Plastic Composites (WPC)

Compatible Polymers & Resins: Cellulose & Cellulosics, Epoxies (EP), Polyesters, Polypropylenes (PP), Polyurethanes (PU)

Flame Rating: UL 94 V0

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Enhanced TDS

Identification & Functionality

Features & Benefits

CASE Ingredients Features
Industrial Additives Features
Labeling Claims
Materials Features
Product Benefits
  • Non-halogenated flame retardant with favorable environmental and health profile, free of SVHCs *)
  • Greatly reduced water solubility, low viscosity in aqueous suspension, very low acid number.
  • Particularly suitable as an ”acid donor” for intumescent coatings thanks to its low water solubility. Steel structures coated with intumescent paints can meet therequirements of fire resistance classes specified in EN, DIN, BS, ASTM and others.
  • Their application on wood or plastics enables these materials to qualify for Building Material Class B (DIN EN 13501-1).
  • Excellent flame-retardant effect in cellulose-containing materials such as paper and wood products. With chipboard products, the DIN EN 13501-1 classification canbe achieved by adding 15-20 % Exolit™ AP 422 A.
  • Excellent flame-retardant effect in polyolefin-based wood plastic composites (WPC) with high wood contents (> 50%) at a dosage of 10-15% Exolit AP 422 A.
  • Imparts a good flame-retardant effect to adhesives and sealants when it is incorporated into the base formulation at the rate of 10-20%.
  • Efficient non-halogenated alternative for conventional flame retardants (e.g., TCPP) in various PUR applications, with minimum impact on reaction profiles andmaterial properties.
  • An essential component in intumescent formulations for thermoplastics, particularly polypropylene, for which the classification UL 94-V0 is specified for applications inthe electrical sector. However, for PP V-o injection molding applications Exolit AP 766 as ready-made intumescent formulation is recommended.
  • In the case of thermosets like epoxy resins and unsaturated polyester resins, it paves the way for the production of lightweight components with low solids content.
  • Can be used in transport applications to obtain good fire, smoke and toxicity results.
  • Biodegradable by breaking down to naturally occurring phosphate and ammonia.

Applications & Uses

Application Area
Coating End Applications
Compatible Polymers & Resins
Compatible Substrates & Surfaces
Composites End Use
Industrial Additives End Use
Plastics & Elastomers Processing Methods
Product Applications
  • Intumescent coatings
    • On account of its low water solubility, Exolit AP 422 A is particularly suitable as an ”acid donor” for intumescent coatings. Other essential components ofintumescent systems include a binder, a carbon donor (e.g., pentaerythritol) and a blowing agent (e.g. melamine). On exposure to flame, intumescent coatings form acarbonaceous foam which effectively shields the underlying material from temperature increases. Steel structures coated with intumescent paints can meet the requirements offire resistance classes specified in EN, DIN, BS, ASTM and others. The application of Exolit AP 422 A based intumescent coatings on wood or plastics enables these materialsto qualify for Building Material Class B (DIN EN 13501-1). Exolit AP 422 A imparts a good flame-retardant effect to adhesives and sealants when it is incorporated into the baseformulation at the rate of 10-20 %.
  • Polyurethane foams
    • Exolit® AP 422 A is a highly suitable replacement for TCPP in pentane-blown rigid PIR/PUR foams. B2 ratings according to DIN 4102 can be safely achieved with dosages in therange of 10-15 php, depending on the target density.
    • In rigid integral skin foam, e.g., for E&E applications, Exolit AP 422 can be used to achieve UL 94 (V0) ratings. Unlike many liquid additive flame retardants, Exolit AP 422 Adoes not show an unwanted plasticizing effect.
    • Exolit AP 422 A can also be used in flexible polyester-based PUR foams. Owing to the extremely low vapor pressure and water-solubility, it is an excellent flame retardant forlow-emission foams, e.g., in automotive or consumer applications.
    • Exolit® AP 422 A can be easily dispersed in most common polyols and circulated in standard production setups. It shows significantly lower abrasiveness than other filler-typeadditives.
    • Compared to many other APP grades with higher acid number and solubility, Exolit® AP 422 A shows minimum impact on amine catalysts,
    • Other applications
    • In composites for transport applications it can be used to control fire, smoke and toxicity. Especially in railway (EN 45545-2) and aviation (FAR 25.853)applications low smoke density and toxicity is a key requirement. Exolit AP 422 A has an excellent flame-retardant effect in cellulose-containing materials such as paper andwood products. With chipboard products, the DIN EN 13501-1 classification can be achieved by adding 15-20 % Exolit® AP 422 A. Exolit® AP 422 A shows an excellent flameretardant effect in polyolefin based wood plastic composites (WPC) with high wood contents (> 50%) at a dosage of 10-15% Exolit® AP 422 A .Because of its high heat stability, Exolit® AP 422 A is an essential component in intumescent formulations for thermoplastics, particularly polypropylene, for which the classification UL 94-V0 is specified forapplications in the electrical sector. However, for PP V-o injection molding applications Exolit AP 766 as ready-made intumescent formulation is recommended. Casting resinsand composites based on epoxy resins or unsaturated polyester resins achieve the classification UL 94-V0 with Exolit® AP 422 A . Combinations of AP 422 A with ATH showsynergistic effects in UL94 and LOI tests.

Properties

Flame Rating
Physical Form

Packaging & Availability

Packaging Type

Principal Information

Group Principal Number
S000004
Principal

Storage & Handling

Storage and Shelf Life Conditions
  • Minimum shelf life is 12 months from the date of shipping when stored according to the said conditions.

Other

Appearance
Colorless free-flowing powder
Appearance (SDS)
Powder
Color (SDS)
White
Dust Explosion Class (SDS)
Not capable of dust explosion
Explosive Nature (SDS)
Not explosive
Flammable Nature (SDS)
Not flammable
Item Number
Odor (SDS)
Almost odorless
Other Hazards
No additional hazards are known except those derived from the labelling
USA/DOT UN Number
Not Applicable
Thermal Properties
ValueUnitsTest Method / Conditions
Decomposition Temperature275.0 °C°CISO 2114
Chemical Properties
ValueUnitsTest Method / Conditions
Nitrogen Content14.0-15.0 %(W/W)%(W/W)at 130°C
pH5.5-7.5-
Shelf Life & Stability
ValueUnitsTest Method / Conditions
Shelf Life12.0 momo
Physical Properties
ValueUnitsTest Method / Conditions
Bulk Density0.7 g/cm³g/cm³
Moisture Contentmax. 0.25 %(W/W)%(W/W)after oxidizing dissolution
Solubility in Watermax. 0.8 %%potentiometric method
Viscositymax. 100.0 mPa.smPa.s
Weight Loss5.0 %(W/W)%(W/W)at 350°C
Weight Loss10.0 %(W/W)%(W/W)at 450°C
Weight Loss20.0 %(W/W)%(W/W)at 550°C
Material Composition
ValueUnitsTest Method / Conditions
Phosphorus Content31.0-32.0 %(W/W)%(W/W)
SDS Physical and Chemical Properties
ValueUnitsTest Method / Conditions
Bulk Density (SDS)0.8 g/Lg/L
Density (SDS)1.9 g/cm³g/cm³At 77°F
Log Partition Coefficient (Log Pow) (SDS)max. -1.5-n-octanol/water
Solubility In Water (SDS)3.0-6.0 g/Lg/L
pH (SDS)5.5-7.5-at 20°C, 10% Concentration